Fallacy
In order to understand what a fallacy is one must understand what an argument is. An argument consists of one or more premises and one conclusion. A premise is a statement (a sentence that is either true or false) that is offered in support of the claim being made, which is the conclusion (which is also a sentence that is either true of false). There are two main types of arguments: deductive and inductive. A deductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide complete support for the conclusion. An inductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide some degree of support (but less than complete support) for the conclusion. Fallacies Fallacies are defects that weaken arguments. A fallacy is, very generally, an error in reasoning. Some fallacies with examples and tip to avoid them: Hasty generalization Making assumptions about a whole group or range of cases based on a sample that is inadequate. Example: My roommate said his...